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@@ -88,7 +88,9 @@ This can be done in the following steps.
repo_upgrade: none
```
## Step2. Generate a ssh-key on local machine
## Step2. SSH setting
This is required to ssh to itself.
Create a keypair then append public key to authorized_keys
```bash
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ user = "ec2-user"
keyPath = "/home/ec2-user/.ssh/id_rsa"
```
## Step7. Initializing Vuls
## Step7. Setting up target servers for vuls
```
$ vuls prepare
@@ -241,14 +243,14 @@ $ vuls tui
- Fetch vulnerbility information from NVD, JVN(Japanese), then insert into SQLite.
## Vuls
- Scan vulnerabilities of the servers and generate a list of the CVE ID
- In order to get more information of the detected CVE, send HTTP request to go-cve-dictinary
- Scan vulnerabilities on the servers and create a list of the CVE ID
- For more detailed information of the detected CVE, send HTTP request to go-cve-dictinary
- Send a report by Slack, Email
- System operator can view the latest report by terminal
----
# Use cases
# Use Cases
## Scan all servers
@@ -507,7 +509,7 @@ $ vuls scan --report-slack --report-mail --cvss-over=7
With this sample command, it will ..
- Scan all servers defined in config file
- Send scan results to slack and email
- Only Reporting CVEs that CVSS score is over 7
- Only Report CVEs that CVSS score is over 7
- Print scan result to terminal
### Scan specific servers
@@ -522,14 +524,14 @@ With this sample command, it will ..
# Usage: Scan vulnerability of non-OS package
It is possible to detect vulnerabilities something you compiled by yourself or the language libraries and the frameworks that have been registered in the [CPE](https://nvd.nist.gov/cpe.cfm).
It is possible to detect vulnerabilities something you compiled by yourself, the language libraries and the frameworks that have been registered in the [CPE](https://nvd.nist.gov/cpe.cfm).
- How to search CPE name by software name
- [NVD: Search Common Platform Enumerations (CPE)](https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/cpe/search)
**Check CPE Naming Format: 2.2**
- Configuration
If you want to detect the vulnerbility of Ruby on Rails v4.2.1, here is an example.
To detect the vulnerbility of Ruby on Rails v4.2.1, cpeNames needs to be set in the servers section.
```
[servers]
@@ -569,7 +571,7 @@ fetchnvd:
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -entire
```
- Fetch data of the last 2 years
- Fetch data in the last 2 years
```
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -last2y

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# Vuls: VULnerability Scanner
[![Slack](https://img.shields.io/badge/slack-join-blue.svg)](http://goo.gl/forms/xm5KFo35tu)
Vulnerability scanner for Linux, agentless, written in golang.
[README in Japanese](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/README.ja.md)
We have a slack team. [Join slack team](http://goo.gl/forms/xm5KFo35tu)
[![asciicast](https://asciinema.org/a/3y9zrf950agiko7klg8abvyck.png)](https://asciinema.org/a/3y9zrf950agiko7klg8abvyck)
![Vuls-slack](img/vuls-slack-en.png)
----
# Abstract
For a system administrator, having to perform security vulnerability analysis and software update on a daily basis can be a burden.
To avoid downtime in production environment, it is common for system administrator to choose not to use the automatic update option provided by package manager and to perform update manually.
This leads to the following problems.
- System administrator will have to constantly watch out for any new vulnerabilities in NVD(National Vulnerability Database) and etc.
- It might be impossible for the system administrator to monitor all the software if there are a large number of software installed in server.
- It is expensive to perform anaylsis to determine the servers affected by new vulnerabilities. The possibility of overlooking a server or two during analysis is there.
Vuls is a tool created to solve the problems listed above. It has the following characteristics.
- Informs users of the vulnerabilities that are related to the system.
- Informs users of the servers that are affected.
- Vulnerability detection is done automatically to prevent any oversight.
- Report is generated on regular basis using CRON etc. to manage vulnerability.
![Vuls-Motivation](img/vuls-motivation.png)
----
# Main Features
- Scan for any vulnerabilities in Linux Server
- Supports Ubuntu, Debian, CentOS, Amazon Linux, RHEL
- Cloud, on-premise, Docker
- Scan middleware that are not included in OS package management
- Scan middleware, programming language libraries and framework for vulnerability
- Support software registered in CPE
- Agentless architecture
- User is required to only setup one machine that is connected to other target servers via SSH
- Auto generation of configuration file template
- Auto detection of servers set using CIDR, generate configuration file template
- Email and Slack notification is possible (supports Japanese language)
- Scan result is viewable on accessory software, TUI Viewer terminal.
----
# What Vuls Doesn't Do
- Vuls doesn't update the vulnerable packages.
----
# Hello Vuls
This tutorial will let you scan the vulnerabilities on the localhost with vuls.
This can be done in the following steps.
1. Launch Amazon Linux
1. Enable to ssh from localhost
1. Install requirements
1. Deploy go-cve-dictionary
1. Deploy Vuls
1. Configuration
1. Prepare
1. Scan
1. TUI(Terminal-Based User Interface)
## 1. Launch Amazon Linux
- We are using the old AMI (amzn-ami-hvm-2015.09.1.x86_64-gp2 - ami-383c1956) for this example
- Instance size: t2.medium
- For the first time, t2.medium and above is required for the data fetch from NVD
- You can switch to t2.nano after the initial data fetch.
- Add the following to the cloud-init, to avoid auto-update at the first launch.
- [Q: How do I disable the automatic installation of critical and important security updates on initial launch?](https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-ami/faqs/?nc1=h_ls)
```
#cloud-config
repo_upgrade: none
```
## 2. Generate a ssh-key on local machine
Create a keypair then append public key to authorized_keys
```bash
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
$ cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
```
## 3. Install requirements
Vuls requires the following packages.
- sqlite
- git
- gcc
- go v1.6
- https://golang.org/doc/install
```bash
$ ssh ec2-user@52.100.100.100 -i ~/.ssh/private.pem
$ sudo yum -y install sqlite git gcc
$ wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ sudo tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.6.linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ mkdir $HOME/go
```
Add these lines into /etc/profile.d/goenv.sh
```bash
export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
export GOPATH=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin:$GOPATH/bin
```
Set the OS environment variable to current shell
```bash
$ source /etc/profile.d/goenv.sh
```
## 4. Deploy go-cve-dictionary
go get
```bash
$ sudo mkdir /var/log/vuls
$ sudo chown ec2-user /var/log/vuls
$ sudo chmod 700 /var/log/vuls
$ go get github.com/kotakanbe/go-cve-dictionary
```
Start go-cve-dictionary as server mode.
For the first time, go-cve-dictionary fetches vulnerability data from NVD.
It takes about 10 minutes (on AWS).
```bash
$ go-cve-dictionary server
... Fetching ...
$ ls -alh cve.sqlite3
-rw-r--r-- 1 ec2-user ec2-user 7.0M Mar 24 13:20 cve.sqlite3
```
Now we successfully collected vulnerbility data, then start as server mode again.
```bash
$ go-cve-dictionary server
[Mar 24 15:21:55] INFO Opening DB. datafile: /home/ec2-user/cve.sqlite3
[Mar 24 15:21:55] INFO Migrating DB
[Mar 24 15:21:56] INFO Starting HTTP Sever...
[Mar 24 15:21:56] INFO Listening on 127.0.0.1:1323
```
## 5. Deploy vuls
Launch a new terminal, SSH to the ec2 instance.
go get
```
$ go get github.com/future-architect/vuls
```
## 6. Config
Create a config file(TOML format).
```
$ cat config.toml
[servers]
[servers.172-31-4-82]
host = "172.31.4.82"
port = "22"
user = "ec2-user"
keyPath = "/home/ec2-user/.ssh/id_rsa"
```
## 7. Initializing Vuls
```
$ vuls prepare
```
## 8. Start Scanning
```
$ vuls scan
INFO[0000] Begin scannig (config: /home/ec2-user/config.toml)
... snip ...
172-31-4-82 (amazon 2015.09)
============================
CVE-2016-0494 10.0 Unspecified vulnerability in the Java SE and Java SE Embedded components in Oracle
Java SE 6u105, 7u91, and 8u66 and Java SE Embedded 8u65 allows remote attackers to
affect confidentiality, integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to
2D.
... snip ...
CVE-2016-0494
-------------
Score 10.0 (High)
Vector (AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
Summary Unspecified vulnerability in the Java SE and Java SE Embedded components in Oracle Java SE 6u105,
7u91, and 8u66 and Java SE Embedded 8u65 allows remote attackers to affect confidentiality,
integrity, and availability via unknown vectors related to 2D.
NVD https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2016-0494
MITRE https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2016-0494
CVE Details http://www.cvedetails.com/cve/CVE-2016-0494
CVSS Claculator https://nvd.nist.gov/cvss/v2-calculator?name=CVE-2016-0494&vector=(AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C)
RHEL-CVE https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2016-0494
ALAS-2016-643 https://alas.aws.amazon.com/ALAS-2016-643.html
Package/CPE java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.91-2.6.2.2.63.amzn1 -> java-1.7.0-openjdk-1:1.7.0.95-2.6.4.0.65.amzn1
```
## 9. TUI
Vuls has Terminal-Based User Interface to display the scan result.
```
$ vuls tui
```
![Vuls-TUI](img/hello-vuls-tui.png)
----
# Architecture
![Vuls-Architecture](img/vuls-architecture.png)
## go-cve-dictinary
- Fetch vulnerbility information from NVD, JVN(Japanese), then insert into SQLite.
## Vuls
- Scan vulnerabilities of the servers and generate a list of the CVE ID
- In order to get more information of the detected CVE, send HTTP request to go-cve-dictinary
- Send a report by Slack, Email
- System operator can view the latest report by terminal
----
# Use cases
## Scan all servers
![Vuls-Usecase1](img/vuls-usecase-elb-rails-rds-all.png)
## Scan a single server
web/app server in the same configuration under the load balancer
![Vuls-Usecase2](img/vuls-usecase-elb-rails-rds-single.png)
----
# Support OS
| Distribution| Release |
|:------------|-------------------:|
| Ubuntu | 12, 14, 16|
| Debian | 7, 8|
| RHEL | 4, 5, 6, 7|
| CentOS | 5, 6, 7|
| Amazon Linux| All |
----
# Usage: Automatic Server Discovery
Discovery subcommand discovers active servers specifed in CIDR range, then print the template of config file(TOML format) to terminal.
```
$ vuls discover -help
discover:
discover 192.168.0.0/24
```
## Exapmle
```
$ vuls discover 172.31.4.0/24
# Create config.toml using below and then ./vuls --config=/path/to/config.toml
[slack]
hookURL = "https://hooks.slack.com/services/abc123/defghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
channel = "#channel-name"
#channel = "#{servername}"
iconEmoji = ":ghost:"
authUser = "username"
notifyUsers = ["@username"]
[mail]
smtpAddr = "smtp.gmail.com"
smtpPort = 465
user = "username"
password = "password"
from = "from@address.com"
to = ["to@address.com"]
cc = ["cc@address.com"]
subjectPrefix = "[vuls]"
[default]
#port = "22"
#user = "username"
#password = "password"
#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
#keyPassword = "password"
[servers]
[servers.172-31-4-82]
host = "172.31.4.82"
#port = "22"
#user = "root"
#password = "password"
#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
#keyPassword = "password"
#cpeNames = [
# "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
#]
```
You can customize your configuration using this template.
----
# Configuration
- Slack section
```
[slack]
hookURL = "https://hooks.slack.com/services/abc123/defghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
channel = "#channel-name"
#channel = "#{servername}"
iconEmoji = ":ghost:"
authUser = "username"
notifyUsers = ["@username"]
```
- hookURL : Incomming webhook's URL
- channel : channel name.
If you set #{servername} to channel, the report will be sent to #servername channel.
In the following example, the report will be sent to the #server1 and #server2.
Be sure to create these channels before scanning.
```
[slack]
channel = "#{servername}"
...snip...
[servers]
[servers.server1]
host = "172.31.4.82"
...snip...
[servers.server2]
host = "172.31.4.83"
...snip...
```
- iconEmoji: emoji
- authUser: username of the slack team
- notifyUsers: a list of Slack usernames to send Slack notifications.
If you set ["@foo", "@bar"] to notifyUsers, @foo @bar will be included in text.
So @foo, @bar can receive mobile push notifications on their smartphone.
- Mail section
```
[mail]
smtpAddr = "smtp.gmail.com"
smtpPort = 465
user = "username"
password = "password"
from = "from@address.com"
to = ["to@address.com"]
cc = ["cc@address.com"]
subjectPrefix = "[vuls]"
```
- Defualt section
```
[default]
#port = "22"
#user = "username"
#password = "password"
#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
#keyPassword = "password"
```
Items of the defualt section will be used if not specified.
- servers section
```
[servers]
[servers.172-31-4-82]
host = "172.31.4.82"
#port = "22"
#user = "root"
#password = "password"
#keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
#keyPassword = "password"
#cpeNames = [
# "cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
#]
```
You can overwrite the default value specified in default section.
Vuls supports multiple SSH authentication methods.
- SSH agent
- SSH public key authentication (with password, empty password)
- Password authentication
----
# Usage: Prepare
Prepare subcommand installs required packages on each server.
| Distribution| Release | Requirements |
|:------------|-------------------:|:-------------|
| Ubuntu | 12, 14, 16| - |
| Debian | 7, 8| apptitude |
| CentOS | 5| yum-plugin-security, yum-changelog |
| CentOS | 6, 7| yum-plugin-security, yum-plugin-changelog |
| Amazon | All | - |
| RHEL | 4, 5, 6, 7 | - |
```
$ vuls prepare -help
prepare:
prepare [-config=/path/to/config.toml] [-debug]
-config string
/path/to/toml (default "$PWD/config.toml")
-debug
debug mode
-use-unattended-upgrades
[Depricated] For Ubuntu, install unattended-upgrades
```
----
# Usage: Scan
```
$ vuls scan -help
scan:
scan
[-lang=en|ja]
[-config=/path/to/config.toml]
[-dbpath=/path/to/vuls.sqlite3]
[-cve-dictionary-url=http://127.0.0.1:1323]
[-cvss-over=7]
[-report-slack]
[-report-mail]
[-http-proxy=http://192.168.0.1:8080]
[-debug]
[-debug-sql]
-config string
/path/to/toml (default "$PWD/config.toml")
-cve-dictionary-url string
http://CVE.Dictionary (default "http://127.0.0.1:1323")
-cvss-over float
-cvss-over=6.5 means reporting CVSS Score 6.5 and over (default: 0 (means report all))
-dbpath string
/path/to/sqlite3 (default "$PWD/vuls.sqlite3")
-debug
debug mode
-debug-sql
SQL debug mode
-http-proxy string
http://proxy-url:port (default: empty)
-lang string
[en|ja] (default "en")
-report-mail
Email report
-report-slack
Slack report
-use-unattended-upgrades
[Depricated] For Ubuntu. Scan by unattended-upgrades or not (use apt-get upgrade --dry-run by default)
-use-yum-plugin-security
[Depricated] For CentOS 5. Scan by yum-plugin-security or not (use yum check-update by default)
```
## example
Run go-cve-dictionary as server mode before scanning.
```
$ go-cve-dictionary server
```
### Scan all servers defined in config file
```
$ vuls scan --report-slack --report-mail --cvss-over=7
```
With this sample command, it will ..
- Scan all servers defined in config file
- Send scan results to slack and email
- Only Reporting CVEs that CVSS score is over 7
- Print scan result to terminal
### Scan specific servers
```
$ vuls scan server1 server2
```
With this sample command, it will ..
- Scan only 2 servers. (server1, server2)
- Print scan result to terminal
----
# Usage: Scan vulnerability of non-OS package
It is possible to detect vulnerabilities something you compiled by yourself or the language libraries and the frameworks that have been registered in the [CPE](https://nvd.nist.gov/cpe.cfm).
- How to search CPE name by software name
- [NVD: Search Common Platform Enumerations (CPE)](https://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/cpe/search)
**Check CPE Naming Format: 2.2**
- Configuration
If you want to detect the vulnerbility of Ruby on Rails v4.2.1, here is an example.
```
[servers]
[servers.172-31-4-82]
host = "172.31.4.82"
user = "ec2-user"
keyPath = "/home/username/.ssh/id_rsa"
cpeNames = [
"cpe:/a:rubyonrails:ruby_on_rails:4.2.1",
]
```
# Usage: Update NVD Data.
```
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -h
fetchnvd:
fetchnvd
[-last2y]
[-dbpath=/path/to/cve.sqlite3]
[-debug]
[-debug-sql]
-dbpath string
/path/to/sqlite3 (default "$PWD/cve.sqlite3")
-debug
debug mode
-debug-sql
SQL debug mode
-last2y
Refresh NVD data in the last two years.
```
- Fetch data of the entire period
```
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -entire
```
- Fetch data of the last 2 years
```
$ go-cve-dictionary fetchnvd -last2y
```
----
# Misc
- HTTP Proxy Support
If your system is behind HTTP proxy, you have to specify --http-proxy option.
- How to Daemonize go-cve-dictionary
Use Systemd, Upstart or supervisord, daemontools...
- How to update vulnerbility data automatically.
Use job scheduler like Cron (with -last2y option).
- How to cross compile
```bash
$ cd /path/to/your/local-git-reporsitory/vuls
$ GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o vuls.amd64
```
- Logging
Log wrote to under /var/log/vuls/
- Debug
Run with --debug, --sql-debug option.
- Windows
Use Microsoft Baseline Secuirty Analyzer. [MBSA](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/cc184924.aspx)
----
# Data Source
- [NVD](https://nvd.nist.gov/)
- [JVN(Japanese)](http://jvndb.jvn.jp/apis/myjvn/)
# Authors
kotakanbe ([@kotakanbe](https://twitter.com/kotakanbe)) created vuls and [these fine people](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/graphs/contributors) have contributed.
----
# Contribute
1. Fork it
2. Create your feature branch (`git checkout -b my-new-feature`)
3. Commit your changes (`git commit -am 'Add some feature'`)
4. Push to the branch (`git push origin my-new-feature`)
5. Create new Pull Request
----
# Change Log
Please see [CHANGELOG](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md).
----
# Licence
Please see [LICENSE](https://github.com/future-architect/vuls/blob/master/LICENSE).
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